2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-11-06 13:25:44 +08:00
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付鹏:逆全球化下的全球资产配置
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-26 12:54:52 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-28 11:27:53 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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<script>window.i18n = {"tip-status-done":"完成","tip-status-default":"全部","tip-status-todo":"计划","tip-status-doing":"进行","tip-status-other":"其他","text-select":"选择","text-move":"移动","text-esc":"退出","January":"一月","February":"二月","March":"三月","April":"四月","May":"五月","June":"六月","July":"七月","August":"八月","September":"九月","October":"十月","November":"十一月","December":"十二月"}</script>
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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<div class="profile">
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<span>Hi</span>
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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<span>Mozzie</span>
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-28 11:27:53 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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<cosy-search id="post-search" placeholder="搜索">
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-28 11:27:53 +08:00
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<script src="/js/62d6af47.js"></script>
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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</div>
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<div class="aside-category">
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2023-11-03 14:52:16 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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<nav class="category-nav cosy-scrollbar">
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2023-11-10 13:44:10 +08:00
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<a href="/archives">
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><g fill="none"><path d="M3.5 3A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 2 4.5v4A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 3.5 10h9A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 14 8.5v-4A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 12.5 3h-9zM3 4.5a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h9a.5.5 0 0 1 .5.5v4a.5.5 0 0 1-.5.5h-9a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5v-4zm.5 6.5A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 2 12.5v4A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 3.5 18h9a1.5 1.5 0 0 0 1.5-1.5v-4a1.5 1.5 0 0 0-1.5-1.5h-9zM3 12.5a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h9a.5.5 0 0 1 .5.5v4a.5.5 0 0 1-.5.5h-9a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5v-4zm14-.063a2.003 2.003 0 0 1-2.5-1.937A2 2 0 0 1 16 8.563a2.005 2.005 0 0 1 1 0a2 2 0 0 1 0 3.874zM16.5 3a.5.5 0 0 1 .5.5v4.041a3.02 3.02 0 0 0-1 0V3.5a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5zm0 10.5c-.17 0-.337-.014-.5-.041V17.5a.5.5 0 0 0 1 0v-4.041c-.163.027-.33.041-.5.041z" fill="currentColor"></path></g></svg>
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<div class="ellipsis">归档</div>
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</li><li data-path="cosy-roadmap">
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<div class="ellipsis">路线图</div>
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</li><li data-path="cosy-resume">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><g fill="none"><path d="M8.5 4.498a1.5 1.5 0 1 1 3 0a1.5 1.5 0 0 1-3 0zm1.5-2.5a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.43 3.086L5.471 4.15a1.761 1.761 0 0 0-2.317.88c-.4.882-.008 1.917.877 2.31L7 8.662v2.287l-1.877 4.645a1.75 1.75 0 0 0 3.245 1.311l1.556-3.849a.073.073 0 0 1 .028-.038a.086.086 0 0 1 .046-.012c.02 0 .035.005.046.012a.074.074 0 0 1 .028.038l1.555 3.849a1.75 1.75 0 0 0 3.245-1.311L13 10.96V8.662l2.968-1.322a1.74 1.74 0 0 0 .877-2.31a1.761 1.761 0 0 0-2.317-.88l-2.097.934a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.43-3.086zM4.065 5.444a.761.761 0 0 1 1-.38l3.918 1.744a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.034 0l3.918-1.744a.761.761 0 0 1 1 .38a.739.739 0 0 1-.373.983l-2.969 1.321a1 1 0 0 0-.593.914v2.298a1 1 0 0 0 .073.375l1.872 4.633a.75.75 0 0 1-1.39.562l-1.556-3.849c-.364-.9-1.639-.9-2.003 0l-1.555 3.85a.75.75 0 1 1-1.39-.562l1.876-4.646A1 1 0 0 0 8 10.95V8.662a1 1 0 0 0-.593-.914L4.438 6.427a.739.739 0 0 1-.373-.983z" fill="currentColor"></path></g></svg>
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<div class="ellipsis">简历</div>
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</a>
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2023-11-10 13:44:10 +08:00
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</li></ul>
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<ul><li class="">
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2023-12-26 10:59:02 +08:00
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<a href="/categories/CS/">
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2023-11-10 13:51:34 +08:00
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<div class="ellipsis">
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2023-12-26 10:59:02 +08:00
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<span>CS</span>
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2023-11-10 13:51:34 +08:00
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</div>
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2023-11-10 13:44:10 +08:00
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</a>
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</li><li class="">
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2023-12-26 10:59:02 +08:00
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<a href="/categories/EQ/">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M5.636 5.636a9 9 0 0 1 13.397.747L13.414 12l5.619 5.617A9 9 0 1 1 5.636 5.636z"></path><circle cx="11.5" cy="7.5" r="1" fill="currentColor"></circle></g></svg>
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2023-11-10 13:51:34 +08:00
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<div class="ellipsis">
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2023-12-26 10:59:02 +08:00
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<span>EQ</span>
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2023-11-10 13:51:34 +08:00
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</div>
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2023-11-10 13:44:10 +08:00
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</a>
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</li><li class="">
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<a href="/categories/Hexo/">
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2023-11-10 13:51:34 +08:00
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M4 17v1a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-1"></path><path d="M8 16h8"></path><path d="M8.322 12.582l7.956.836"></path><path d="M8.787 9.168l7.826 1.664"></path><path d="M10.096 5.764l7.608 2.472"></path></g></svg>
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<div class="ellipsis">
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<span>Hexo</span>
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</div>
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2023-11-10 13:44:10 +08:00
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</a>
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2023-11-21 13:49:17 +08:00
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</li><li class="">
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2023-12-26 10:59:02 +08:00
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<a href="/categories/%E8%87%AA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93/">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 12a4 4 0 1 0 4 4V4a5 5 0 0 0 5 5" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg>
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2023-11-21 13:49:17 +08:00
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<div class="ellipsis">
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2023-12-26 10:59:02 +08:00
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<span>自媒体</span>
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2023-11-21 13:49:17 +08:00
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</div>
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</a>
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2023-11-11 18:48:29 +08:00
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</li><li class="">
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2023-12-26 10:59:02 +08:00
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<a href="/categories/%E8%AF%BB%E4%B9%A6/">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><g fill="none"><path d="M4 16V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v11a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H5a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H6a2 2 0 0 1-2-2zM15 4a1 1 0 0 0-1-1H6a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v11h10V4zM7.041 8h.973c.045-.773.192-1.485.42-2.059A3.002 3.002 0 0 0 7.04 8zM6 8.5a4 4 0 1 1 8 0a4 4 0 0 1-8 0zm6.959-.5a3.002 3.002 0 0 0-1.392-2.059c.227.574.374 1.286.419 2.059h.973zm-.973 1c-.045.773-.192 1.486-.42 2.059A3.002 3.002 0 0 0 12.96 9h-.973zm-1.002-1c-.046-.707-.189-1.324-.383-1.778c-.12-.28-.25-.474-.368-.591c-.117-.115-.195-.131-.233-.131c-.038 0-.116.016-.233.13c-.118.118-.248.312-.368.592c-.194.454-.337 1.07-.383 1.778h1.968zM9.016 9c.046.707.189 1.324.383 1.778c.12.28.25.474.368.591c.117.115.195.131.233.131c.038 0 .116-.016.233-.13c.118-.118.248-.313.368-.592c.194-.454.336-1.07.383-1.778H9.016zM8.014 9h-.973c.147.87.668 1.614 1.392 2.059c-.227-.573-.374-1.286-.419-2.059z" fill="currentColor"></path></g></svg>
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2023-11-11 18:48:29 +08:00
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<div class="ellipsis">
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2023-12-26 10:59:02 +08:00
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<span>读书</span>
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</div>
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</a>
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</li><li class="active">
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<a href="/categories/%E8%B4%A2%E7%BB%8F/">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="9"></circle><path d="M14.8 9A2 2 0 0 0 13 8h-2a2 2 0 0 0 0 4h2a2 2 0 0 1 0 4h-2a2 2 0 0 1-1.8-1"></path><path d="M12 6v2m0 8v2"></path></g></svg>
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<div class="ellipsis">
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<span>财经</span>
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2023-11-11 18:48:29 +08:00
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</div>
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</a>
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2023-11-10 13:44:10 +08:00
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</li></ul>
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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</nav>
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-28 11:27:53 +08:00
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<script src="/js/da8f6845.js"></script>
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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2023-12-25 16:39:03 +08:00
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</div>
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<div class="bottom">
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<cosy-tooltip id="button-preference" placement="right">
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<span slot="content">
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<span>偏好</span>
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<cosy-short-key>⌘</cosy-short-key>
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<cosy-short-key>p</cosy-short-key>
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</span>
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<cosy-icon bordered id="button-about-cosy-theme">
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<g fill="none">
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<h1 class="post-title">付鹏:逆全球化下的全球资产配置</h1>
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<p>为什么会有中美贸易战?为什么会有特朗普?他们手上有个重要的东西,选票。法国人民手上有个重要的东西,什么东西?公会。财富分配,到最后是需要权力去平衡的,也就简单讲,富者恒富,穷者不富的时候,他手上会用一个最简单东西投出民粹主义的路线,就是选票。哪个领导人愿意带著我们把工资从十块钱降到二十,我就选他。有两种做法:第一种,让企业吐回来。第二种,让中国吐回来。中国拿走的劳动收入增速,现在要吐回来,这就是逆全球化。企业部门拿走的高杠杆,高负债,获得的财富积累要吐回来。然后你就会发现,他的收入增速上来,他会长期的怎么样?通胀。利率水平增高,导致企业部门(美国制造业)变差,其实就是代表著美国的左右两边。</p>
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2023-11-06 13:25:44 +08:00
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<p>在这种背景下,既然不能从市场层面上获得收入增速,就得从你自身提高收入增速,答案是什么?技术进步。现在工人工资我是压不下去了,怎么办?三个工人变两工人+机器人。所以你猜美国现在在干嘛?右侧是这帮企业,左侧是美国的这帮中底层的,这些老百姓小日子过得太Happy了。左侧这帮企业,收入增速7.5,通胀5个点。开心吧?挣的钱存到银行,现在5个点,开心吧?然后08年美国次贷危机,破裂了以后,美国锁定在了0-0.25的这个低息区域,老百姓买了低息贷款的房子,储蓄多了,开心吧?中国出口的赚,买了美国国债,相当于还要回储给你们,最后发现,美国挣得多、存的多、债务还低。从08年到23年,这15年,就相当于去了15年的杠杆。企业部门要借贷,5.25的利率高于目前3点几的增速,被迫进入到利润下降,未来要提高增长,只有一个方案,就是技术进步。</p>
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<p>硅谷大裁员是不影响就业的,这帮生产率高的人,转化再就业的能力是极强的。生产率低的人,出现大规模失业才是最麻烦的。简单讲,美国这帮黑人们如果全都失业了,那美国就完了。08年后,企业,银行,居民,这三者的分配关系,就有问题了,一直拖到现在,已经无解了。全世界从过去的十年,只有一个大的变量:”技术进步”。我个人有一种感觉,当前的这个时间点,在炒的人工智能,跟过去的十年浮现出来的不太一样。美国股市现在就那几个科技公司拉着每股涨,是好事。几家公司是在5.25的利率环境下,拉动每股涨的。它不是那个0到0.25的利率拉动的,能够扛得住资金成本5到5.25,还能带来增长,意味著AI可能是真的。</p>
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<p>08年到2028年,整20年的周期,足够一个新技术带动全社会变动了,这几家公司可能在未来3到5年拉着美股,创新高 继续创新高。后面的涨是正儿八经的生产率提高的涨,前两年是啥?是低利率推著泡沫在涨。如果美国完成了这条线,既保证了企业在技术进步下维持高利润增长,又保证底层居民获得了高收入增速,你猜美国的利率会是什么情况?他的利率会一直很高,进入到高增长、高通胀、高利率,三高。</p>
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<p>那么中国会事什么情况?美国不给技术,转化生产也不是中国制造了,逆全球化嘛!国内会低增长、低通胀、低利率。从全球分工来看,美国底层是技术研发,中间生产,下面是市场。如果生产环节不给中国,高端制造给谁?大概率是日本。</p>
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<p>日本的全球分工的角色会跟过去的二三十年不一样,英国的老牌家族的基金家族办公开始跑到日本租办公室招人了,二三十年前的时候跑到香港租办公室招人,跑到北京设立办事处,为什么?答案只有一个,看好该国未来20年30年的增长。</p>
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<p>在过去的20年发展过程中,我们的生产环节是针对全世界的,如果出不去。只能转化成内需。我们的一个大问题出来了,过去的10年中国经济最大的不同,就是现在的年轻人债务过高,内需是背著重重的负债前行的,有一些人不准备生人再去背了。直到疫情过恢复以后,到现在为止不缺生产,缺谁买单。内需要么是政府部门,要么是居民部门,一个是投资不动,一个消费不动,有钱的有钱死,没钱的负债死。昨天我看又新能源车下乡了,然后你去看看那个评论区,90后崛起了,不像十年前那么好骗了,他们咋回答呢?啥好事都想著我们农村人。十年前,什么家电下乡,卖不掉的冰箱……就是电器,卖给我们农村人,这韭菜不能照着一个地儿割啊。</p>
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<p>笃定了老美不会给我们这条科技树,所以经济当前压根就不是我们最大的问题,只要能守住底线,也就是你的居民,仍然是可爱的人,底线思维即可。当下最大的目标是重建这个秩序,美国不带我玩,我就去拉着ABC,去重构这种国际分工、全球化市场结构,重构我们的科技树。中国现在的投资,跟老美一样,都在反映科技树,但是”市场决定的科技树(市场经济)”和”政府主导的科技树(计划经济)”结局是不一样的。所以低增长、低利率的国内必须要点科技树,但体现在股票上,国内是什么光景,美股是什么光景?</p>
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<p>很多人说A股弱,美股强?因为人家现在高增长、高通胀、高利率、和消费市场。08年之后。老美去了15年杠杆。居民部门老老实实还了15年的债,日本人老老实实还了30年。美国的利率水平绝对不再是以前的路径,不再会靠降息加杠杆的方式去推动增长,而是要靠生产校长的扩张,技术在两三年后我们有可能会迎来一个”iPhone时刻”。</p>
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<p>我们现在所有人依旧想的是如果企业不行,最终还得是降息。美国会出现一种情况就是企业的技术进步,把它带上去,整个美元的长短端利率都在5-5.25,那我就请问你光现金和资产回报都5-5.25了,你觉得黄金会奔三千四千五千吗?黄金的之所以在高价,因为长期利率在地位,加上杠杆,但是如果长短端的投资回报率在5-5.25,你还会持有黄金吗?</p>
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<p>08年金融危机以后,老美痛定思痛,开始在极低的利率下,去除杠杆,也就是讲现在你看见的美国是08年的美国导致的一个结果。而08年的中国,在干什么呢?所有人熟知的叫四万亿(可不止),总结一句话,就是给居民部门加杠杆。中国拖起了全球经济,代价是这一代居民部门的储蓄和杠杆,就是老百姓讲的掏空了几个钱包。</p>
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<p>真正的大交易者,用什么东西做负债,用什么东西当资产。如果现在世界格局是这样,请问我们个人该怎么办?举个例子:我09年回国,2010年开始到2016年股灾,人民币单边每年升值3%,美元官方利率0到0.2%,加上手续费,美元借款资金成本大约2%。就造成了实际借美元利率是-1%,那时候北上广的房价是多少?房子的背后就是人口、收入、杠杆,而其中最重要的吗,在当时,不是人口、也不是收入,而是杠杆。我的借贷成本如果-1%的话,这不就是热钱吗?借-1%的钱来中国就好了,干什么东西,买房呗!</p>
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<p>所以放到现在的今天,个人该怎么办呢?美国进入到三高的状态,中国进入到这种三低的状态。当下经营贷3.2%,人民币贬值,实际人民币借贷成就是负的!所以答案就是,人民币长期利率水平会非常的低,借贷低息的人民币,人民币贬值,官方的借贷成本会从3个点掉到2个点,并且维持在2个点,三到五年让你借贷人民币的真实利率一定在0以下。所以从大交易者的角度,负债解决了,资产端该买啥?能够给你二字头融资成本,一定说明国内的资产端没有高息回报,我们不出境去哪儿找高息的资产?我偷偷摸摸告诉大家过一段时间你们会发现某个类型的ETF手续费还会增加,什么东西用人民币结算但是持有的是境外高息资产(QDII)?美国光银行存款利率在5%,你该干嘛?你们会发现巴菲特买的西方石油公司、买的日本的五大商社股息率在10以上,你们知道该干嘛?如果这个东西一直是这样倒着,咱们哪来的信心觉得外资会流入?</p>
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<p>所以这就是一个重要的分水岭,这个最核心的原理理解,超级的重要!绝对对你后面三五年巨大的受益。</p>
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2023-11-08 13:45:34 +08:00
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<p class="motto">重拾纯粹的写作</p>
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2023-11-08 13:45:34 +08:00
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2023-10-24 09:50:42 +08:00
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