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          <h1 class="post-title">css奇技淫巧</h1>
          <div class="last-updated">
            上次更新: 2023-11-08 09:33:30
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          <h1 id="grid-布局"><a href="#grid-布局" class="headerlink" title="grid 布局"></a>grid 布局</h1><blockquote>
<p>flex 布局操纵的是一维、一行&#x2F;一列，grid 布局具备操纵二维的能力</p>
</blockquote>
<p>设为网格布局以后，容器子元素（项目）的<code>float</code>、<code>display: inline-block</code>、<code>display: table-cell</code>、<code>vertical-align</code>和 <code>column-</code>等设置都将失效。</p>
<ul>
<li>grid-template-columns: 定义每一列的列宽</li>
<li>grid-template-rows: 定义每一行的行高</li>
<li>grid-row-gap: 行间距</li>
<li>grid-column-gap: 列间距</li>
<li>grid-gap: 行列间距合并</li>
<li>grid-template-areas: 一个区域由单个或多个单元格组成</li>
<li>grid-auto-flow: 默认值是 row，即”先行后列”,即先填满第一行，再开始放入第二行</li>
<li>justify-items: <code>单元格内容</code>的水平对齐</li>
<li>align-items: <code>单元格内容</code>垂直对齐</li>
<li>place-items: align-items 属性和 justify-items 属性的合并简写形式</li>
<li>justify-content: <code>整个内容区域</code>水平对齐</li>
<li>align-content: <code>整个内容区域</code>垂直对齐</li>
<li>place-content: align-content 属性和 justify-content 属性的合并简写形式</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>设置的行或者列比较多的时候，可以使用 repeat()这个函数简化重复的值</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="repeat"><a href="#repeat" class="headerlink" title="repeat()"></a>repeat()</h2><p>第一个参数是重复的次数，第二个参数是所要重复的值、也可以是某个模式</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token comment">/* 重复 3个100px的列 */</span>
<span class="token property">grid-template-columns</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">repeat</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>3<span class="token punctuation">,</span> 100px<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/* 重复这种布局2次 */</span>
<span class="token property">grid-template-columns</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">repeat</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>2<span class="token punctuation">,</span> 100px 20px 80px<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/* 自动填充，直到容器放不下为止 */</span>
<span class="token property">grid-template-columns</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">repeat</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>auto-fill<span class="token punctuation">,</span> 100px<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="fr"><a href="#fr" class="headerlink" title="fr"></a>fr</h2><p>方便表示比例关系，网格布局提供了 fr 关键字</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token property">grid-template-columns</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 1fr 1fr<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="grid-template-areas"><a href="#grid-template-areas" class="headerlink" title="grid-template-areas"></a>grid-template-areas</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token property">grid-template-areas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
  <span class="token string">"header header header"</span>
  <span class="token string">"main main sidebar"</span>
  <span class="token string">"footer footer footer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="item-定位"><a href="#item-定位" class="headerlink" title="item 定位"></a>item 定位</h2><p><img src="/img/grid_1.png" alt="grid_1"></p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token comment">/* 1号项目就是从第二根垂直网格线开始第四根结束 */</span>
<span class="token selector">.item1</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">grid-column-start</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 2<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">grid-column-end</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 4<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">background</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> red<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="硬件加速-IE9"><a href="#硬件加速-IE9" class="headerlink" title="硬件加速(IE9+)"></a>硬件加速(IE9+)</h1><blockquote>
<p>移动端开启,吃内存、增加耗电</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>animation</code>、<code>transform</code>、<code>transition</code>不会自动开启<code>GPU</code>加速，利用<code>transform: translateZ(0)</code> 就可以开启<code>3D变换</code>，出发硬件加速</p>
<p>场景：<code>webKit内核</code>偶尔页面闪烁：<code>transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);</code></p>
<h1 id="控制台打印-shield-徽章"><a href="#控制台打印-shield-徽章" class="headerlink" title="控制台打印 shield 徽章"></a>控制台打印 shield 徽章</h1><pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript">console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
  <span class="token string">"%c"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
    <span class="token function">eval</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"'mozzie.com'"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
    <span class="token string">"%cv"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
    <span class="token function">eval</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"'2.0.0'"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
    <span class="token string">"%c\r\n"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
    <span class="token function">eval</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"'了解更多:https://www.mozzie.com'"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token string">"color: #fff; background: #5281FA; font-size: 12px;border-radius:2px 0 0 2px;padding:3px 6px;"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token string">"border-radius:0 2px 2px 0;padding:3px 6px;color:#333;background:#EBEBEB"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token string">"margin-top:10px;"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="css-判断-input-是否为空"><a href="#css-判断-input-是否为空" class="headerlink" title="css 判断 input 是否为空"></a>css 判断 input 是否为空</h1><p><code>:placeholder-shown</code>：占位符是否显示的伪类，配合 <code>:not()</code> （不是必须，反过来也可以）</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-markup" data-language="markup"><code class="language-markup"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>demo<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>input</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>demo-input<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">type</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>text<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">placeholder</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>name<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>label</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>demo-label<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Name<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>label</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">#demo</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 90%<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">max-width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 450px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">position</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> relative<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">#demo-input</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 100%<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 60px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">line-height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 60px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">font-size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 20px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">border-bottom</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 1px solid #ffa500<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">#demo-input::placeholder</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">font-size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">#demo-input:focus + label,
#demo-input:not(:placeholder-shown) + label</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">top</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">font-size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 12px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">#demo-label</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">font-size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 22px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> #ffa500<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">position</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> absolute<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">left</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">top</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50%<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">translateY</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>-50%<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">transition</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> all 0.3s<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
* Default
*/</span>
<span class="token selector">body</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 100vh<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> flex<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">body div</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> auto<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">body div input</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">border</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">outline</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="居中"><a href="#居中" class="headerlink" title="居中"></a>居中</h1><h2 id="transform-大法"><a href="#transform-大法" class="headerlink" title="transform 大法"></a>transform 大法</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">#wrapper</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">position</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> relative<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">#box</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">position</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> absolute<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">top</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50%<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">left</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50%<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">translate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>-50%<span class="token punctuation">,</span> -50%<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="0000-大法"><a href="#0000-大法" class="headerlink" title="0000 大法"></a>0000 大法</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">#wrapper</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">position</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> relative<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">#box</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">position</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> absolute<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">top</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">left</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">right</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">bottom</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="如何让-img-垂直居中"><a href="#如何让-img-垂直居中" class="headerlink" title="如何让 img 垂直居中"></a>如何让 img 垂直居中</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-markup" data-language="markup"><code class="language-markup"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>imgWrapper<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>img</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>xxx.png<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">.imgWrapper</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> table-cell<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">text-align</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> center<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">vertical-align</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> middle<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="ul-下-li-居中"><a href="#ul-下-li-居中" class="headerlink" title="ul 下 li 居中"></a>ul 下 li 居中</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-markup" data-language="markup"><code class="language-markup"><span class="token comment">&lt;!--外层包个div/section block元素 --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>ul</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>clearfix<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>1<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>2<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">div</span><span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">text-align</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> center
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">ul</span><span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline-block
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">li</span><span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline
  <span class="token property">float</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> left
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="js-随机渐变背景"><a href="#js-随机渐变背景" class="headerlink" title="js 随机渐变背景"></a>js 随机渐变背景</h1><pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">getRandomRangeNum</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">min<span class="token punctuation">,</span> max</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">return</span> min <span class="token operator">+</span> Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">floor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">random</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>max <span class="token operator">-</span> min<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>

<span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">setRandomBg</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">el</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">var</span> left <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">getRandomRangeNum</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">var</span> bottom <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">getRandomRangeNum</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">var</span> css <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    <span class="token string">"linear-gradient(to left bottom,hsl("</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    left<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token string">", 100%, 85%) 0%,hsl("</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    bottom<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token string">", 100%, 85%) 100%)"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  el<span class="token punctuation">.</span>style<span class="token punctuation">.</span>background <span class="token operator">=</span> css<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">join</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="css-三角形"><a href="#css-三角形" class="headerlink" title="css 三角形"></a>css 三角形</h1><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">span</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">border-top</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 40px solid transparent<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">border-left</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 40px solid transparent<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">border-right</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 40px solid transparent<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">border-bottom</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 40px solid #ff0000<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="1px-神迹"><a href="#1px-神迹" class="headerlink" title="1px 神迹"></a>1px 神迹</h1><h2 id="pc-端最优解"><a href="#pc-端最优解" class="headerlink" title="pc 端最优解"></a>pc 端最优解</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-markup" data-language="markup"><code class="language-markup"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>div</span> <span class="token special-attr"><span class="token attr-name">style</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span><span class="token value css language-css"><span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>1px<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token property">overflow</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>hidden<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token property">background</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>red</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span></span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="移动端-媒体查询-transform"><a href="#移动端-媒体查询-transform" class="headerlink" title="移动端 - 媒体查询 + transform"></a>移动端 - 媒体查询 + transform</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token atrule"><span class="token rule">@media</span> <span class="token keyword">only</span> screen <span class="token keyword">and</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token property">-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 2<span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token selector">.border-bottom::after</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token property">-webkit-transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">scaleY</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>0.5<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token property">transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">scaleY</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>0.5<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="移动端-媒体查询-伪类"><a href="#移动端-媒体查询-伪类" class="headerlink" title="移动端 - 媒体查询 + 伪类"></a>移动端 - 媒体查询 + 伪类</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">.border__1px:before</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token property">content</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">''</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token property">position</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> absolute<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token property">top</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 1px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 100%
    <span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> #000<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token property">transform-origin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50% 0%<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token atrule"><span class="token rule">@media</span> <span class="token keyword">only</span> screen <span class="token keyword">and</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token property">-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>2<span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token selector">.border__1px:before</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
        <span class="token property">transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">scaleY</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>0.5<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token atrule"><span class="token rule">@media</span> <span class="token keyword">only</span> screen <span class="token keyword">and</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token property">-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>3<span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token selector">.border__1px:before</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
        <span class="token property">transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">scaleY</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>0.33<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="横竖屏适配"><a href="#横竖屏适配" class="headerlink" title="横竖屏适配"></a>横竖屏适配</h1><p>js 检测</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript">window<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addEventListener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"resize"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>window<span class="token punctuation">.</span>orientation <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token number">180</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> window<span class="token punctuation">.</span>orientation <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 正常方向或屏幕旋转180度</span>
    console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"竖屏"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>window<span class="token punctuation">.</span>orientation <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token number">90</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> window<span class="token punctuation">.</span>orientation <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">90</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 屏幕顺时钟旋转90度或屏幕逆时针旋转90度</span>
    console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"横屏"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>css 检测</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token atrule"><span class="token rule">@media</span> screen <span class="token keyword">and</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token property">orientation</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> portrait<span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token comment">/*竖屏...*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token atrule"><span class="token rule">@media</span> screen <span class="token keyword">and</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token property">orientation</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> landscape<span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token comment">/*横屏...*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="像素"><a href="#像素" class="headerlink" title="像素"></a>像素</h1><ul>
<li>物理像素: 物理设备真实的像素</li>
<li>独立像素: 平时开发写的 px</li>
<li>设备像素比(DPR): &#x3D; 物理像素 &#x2F; 设备独立像素</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 获取 DPR</span>
window<span class="token punctuation">.</span>devicePixelRatio<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>也可以使用媒体查询</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token atrule"><span class="token rule">@media</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token property">-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token property">min-device-pixel-ratio</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 2<span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="srcset"><a href="#srcset" class="headerlink" title="srcset"></a>srcset</h1><p>使用 img 标签的 <code>srcset</code> 属性，浏览器会自动根据像素密度匹配最佳显示图片：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-markup" data-language="markup"><code class="language-markup"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>img</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>conardLi_1x.png<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">srcset</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>conardLi_2x.png 2x, conardLi_3x.png 3x<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="字体小于-12px"><a href="#字体小于-12px" class="headerlink" title="字体小于 12px"></a>字体小于 12px</h1><p>css3 的 <code>transform</code> 属性，设置值为 <code>scale(x, y)</code> 定义 2D 缩放转换</p>
<h1 id="css-清浮动"><a href="#css-清浮动" class="headerlink" title="css 清浮动"></a>css 清浮动</h1><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">.clearfix::after</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">content</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> block<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">clear</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> both<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="ellipsis"><a href="#ellipsis" class="headerlink" title="ellipsis"></a>ellipsis</h1><h2 id="单行"><a href="#单行" class="headerlink" title="单行"></a>单行</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">.ellipsis</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">overflow</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> hidden<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">text-overflow</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ellipsis<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">white-space</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> nowrap<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="多行"><a href="#多行" class="headerlink" title="多行"></a>多行</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">.ellipsis</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> -webkit-box<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">-webkit-box-orient</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> vertical<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">-webkit-line-clamp</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 3<span class="token punctuation">;</span> // 最多显示几行
  <span class="token property">overflow</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> hidden<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="页面导入样式时，使用-link-和-import"><a href="#页面导入样式时，使用-link-和-import" class="headerlink" title="页面导入样式时，使用 link 和 @import"></a>页面导入样式时，使用 link 和 @import</h1><blockquote>
<p>你可能不信，ie5+就支持@import 了</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>link: 与<code>dom</code>异步加载</li>
<li>@import: 先加载<code>dom</code></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="em-rem-换算"><a href="#em-rem-换算" class="headerlink" title="em | rem 换算"></a>em | rem 换算</h1><p>相对于HTML根元素 <code>font-size</code> 来确定的，浏览器的默认字体高是 <code>16px</code>，因此:</p>
<ul>
<li>16px &#x3D; 1em</li>
<li>12px &#x3D; .75em</li>
<li>10px &#x3D; .625em</li>
</ul>
<p>简化 rem 到 px 的换算，因为每个 rem 单位都是 10px 的倍数</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-css" data-language="css"><code class="language-css"><span class="token selector">html</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">font-size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 62.5%<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* 这会将默认的 16px 缩小为 10px */</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>也可以使用 js 检测设置</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// set 1rem = viewWidth / 10</span>
<span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">setRemUnit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">var</span> docEl <span class="token operator">=</span> document<span class="token punctuation">.</span>documentElement<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">var</span> rem <span class="token operator">=</span> docEl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>clientWidth <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  docEl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>style<span class="token punctuation">.</span>fontSize <span class="token operator">=</span> rem <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">"px"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>

window<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addEventListener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"resize"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> setRemUnit<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
window<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addEventListener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pageShow"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">e</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">.</span>persisted<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token function">setRemUnit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h1 id="less-常用"><a href="#less-常用" class="headerlink" title="less 常用"></a>less 常用</h1><h2 id="变量"><a href="#变量" class="headerlink" title="变量"></a>变量</h2><p>LESS 中的变量为完全的 <code>常量</code> ，所以只能定义一次</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token variable">@nice-blue<span class="token punctuation">:</span></span> #5B83AD<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token variable">@light-blue<span class="token punctuation">:</span></span> <span class="token variable">@nice-blue</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> #111<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token selector">#header</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token variable">@light-blue</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>输出</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">#header</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> #6c94be<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="混合"><a href="#混合" class="headerlink" title="混合"></a>混合</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">.bordered</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">border-top</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dotted 1px black<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">border-bottom</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> solid 2px black<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>使用</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">#menu a</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> #111<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token mixin-usage function">.bordered</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token selector">.post a</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> red<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token mixin-usage function">.bordered</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>带参</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">.border-radius (<span class="token variable">@radius</span>)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">border-radius</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token variable">@radius</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">-moz-border-radius</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token variable">@radius</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">-webkit-border-radius</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token variable">@radius</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>#header {<br>.border-radius(4px);<br>}</p>
<p><code>@arguments</code>变量，包含了所有传递进来的参数. 如果你不想单独处理每一个参数</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">.box-shadow (<span class="token variable">@x</span>: 0, <span class="token variable">@y</span>: 0, <span class="token variable">@blur</span>: 1px, <span class="token variable">@color</span>: #000)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">box-shadow</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token variable">@arguments</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">-moz-box-shadow</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token variable">@arguments</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">-webkit-box-shadow</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token variable">@arguments</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
.<span class="token function">box-shadow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>2px<span class="token punctuation">,</span> 5px<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<p>无参</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">.wrap ()</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">text-wrap</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> wrap<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">white-space</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> pre<span class="token operator">-</span>wrap<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">white-space</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">-</span>moz<span class="token operator">-</span>pre<span class="token operator">-</span>wrap<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token property">word-wrap</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> break<span class="token operator">-</span>word<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>

<span class="token selector">pre</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token mixin-usage function">.wrap</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="lighten-和-darken"><a href="#lighten-和-darken" class="headerlink" title="lighten 和 darken"></a>lighten 和 darken</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token variable">@color-base<span class="token punctuation">:</span></span> #3bafda<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token variable">@color-hover<span class="token punctuation">:</span></span>lighten <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token variable">@color-primary</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>10%<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token variable">@color-focus<span class="token punctuation">:</span></span>darken <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token variable">@color-primary</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>10%<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="contrast"><a href="#contrast" class="headerlink" title="contrast"></a>contrast</h2><p>选择两种颜色中哪一种颜色与另一种颜色形成最大对比。</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">p</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">a</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">contrast</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>#bbbbbb<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//output: black</span>
  <span class="token property">b</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">contrast</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>#222222<span class="token punctuation">,</span> #101010<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//output: white</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="JavaScript-表达式"><a href="#JavaScript-表达式" class="headerlink" title="JavaScript 表达式"></a>JavaScript 表达式</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token variable">@var<span class="token punctuation">:</span></span> ` <span class="token string">"hello"</span> .<span class="token function">toUpperCase</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">"!"</span> `<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token variable">@height<span class="token punctuation">:</span></span> `document.body.clientHeight`<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="amp-父选择器"><a href="#amp-父选择器" class="headerlink" title="&amp; 父选择器"></a>&amp; 父选择器</h2><p><code>&amp;</code> 只能代表父元素，不能代表父亲的父辈元素，施加改性类或伪类</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">a</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> blue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token selector">&amp;:hover</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> green<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

<h2 id="重复父类名"><a href="#重复父类名" class="headerlink" title="重复父类名"></a>重复父类名</h2><pre class="line-numbers language-less" data-language="less"><code class="language-less"><span class="token selector">.button</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token selector">&amp;-ok</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token property">background-image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token url"><span class="token function">url</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string url">"ok.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
  <span class="token selector">&amp;-cancel</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token property">background-image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token url"><span class="token function">url</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string url">"cancel.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>

  <span class="token selector">&amp;-custom</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token property">background-image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token url"><span class="token function">url</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string url">"custom.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>

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          <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#grid-%E5%B8%83%E5%B1%80"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">grid 布局</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#repeat"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">repeat()</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#fr"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">fr</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#grid-template-areas"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">grid-template-areas</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#item-%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">item 定位</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F-IE9"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">硬件加速(IE9+)</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%8F%B0%E6%89%93%E5%8D%B0-shield-%E5%BE%BD%E7%AB%A0"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">控制台打印 shield 徽章</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#css-%E5%88%A4%E6%96%AD-input-%E6%98%AF%E5%90%A6%E4%B8%BA%E7%A9%BA"><span class="toc-number">4.</span> <span class="toc-text">css 判断 input 是否为空</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%AD"><span class="toc-number">5.</span> <span class="toc-text">居中</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#transform-%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-number">5.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">transform 大法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#0000-%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-number">5.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">0000 大法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E8%AE%A9-img-%E5%9E%82%E7%9B%B4%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%AD"><span class="toc-number">5.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">如何让 img 垂直居中</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#ul-%E4%B8%8B-li-%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%AD"><span class="toc-number">5.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">ul 下 li 居中</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#js-%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E6%B8%90%E5%8F%98%E8%83%8C%E6%99%AF"><span class="toc-number">6.</span> <span class="toc-text">js 随机渐变背景</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#css-%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%E5%BD%A2"><span class="toc-number">7.</span> <span class="toc-text">css 三角形</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#1px-%E7%A5%9E%E8%BF%B9"><span class="toc-number">8.</span> <span class="toc-text">1px 神迹</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#pc-%E7%AB%AF%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98%E8%A7%A3"><span class="toc-number">8.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">pc 端最优解</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%AB%AF-%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2-transform"><span class="toc-number">8.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">移动端 - 媒体查询 + transform</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%AB%AF-%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2-%E4%BC%AA%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-number">8.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">移动端 - 媒体查询 + 伪类</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%A8%AA%E7%AB%96%E5%B1%8F%E9%80%82%E9%85%8D"><span class="toc-number">9.</span> <span class="toc-text">横竖屏适配</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0"><span class="toc-number">10.</span> <span class="t
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